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Vaca Muerta Drives Argentina's Fossil Fuel Boom Amid Environmental Concerns

Economy & businessEconomy
Worker in protective clothing repairing gas pipeline in excavation pit
Key Points
  • Vaca Muerta accounts for two-thirds of Argentina's fossil fuel production and is a key driver of growth.
  • Global factors like Middle East conflicts and rising oil prices are boosting investor interest, with a production peak expected in 2029.
  • Extraction relies on controversial fracking methods, facing criticism over environmental risks and bans in some countries.

South America is one of the regions where the extraction of fossil fuels is increasing fastest, according to official sources. In Argentina, this surge is centered on the Vaca Muerta area in Patagonia, one of the world's largest deposits of shale oil and gas, where extraction is primarily increasing, official sources say. Vaca Muerta now accounts for two-thirds of Argentina's total production, according to official sources.

War in the Middle East and rising oil prices are expected to make Argentina and Vaca Muerta even more interesting for investors, official sources report. According to SVT Nyheter (official), Fernando Monzón described the activity peak as expected in 2029, with companies preparing for it. Shale oil and gas in Vaca Muerta are extracted through hydraulic fracturing, also called 'fracking', a controversial method that has been banned in several countries, according to official sources.

It is really exciting. The activity peak is expected in 2029 and companies are preparing for it.

Fernando Monzón, Entrepreneur in the oil industry

Critics warn of major environmental consequences from hydraulic fracturing, though the specific risks and which countries have banned it remain unclear. According to SVT Nyheter (official), Fernando Cabrera described the economic importance of Vaca Muerta as making it difficult for critics to be heard, with most people aware that climate change is problematic and drilling near rivers is unsafe, and even oil industry workers understanding the issues. He also noted that the media depend on advertising money from oil companies and politicians are closely aligned with the fossil fuel industry.

According to SVT Nyheter (official), Lorena Bravo described the economic boom from oil and gas as short-term, leaving communities with environmental destruction after companies depart, though the scale of expected investment due to global factors is not specified. The economic boom from oil and gas is short-term, according to official sources.

We are completely surrounded by oil rigs.

Lorena Bravo, Local leader

It is difficult to discuss hydrocarbons. At the same time, most people know that climate change is problematic and that you cannot drill next to rivers. Even those who work in the oil industry understand that this is problematic.

Fernando Cabrera, Journalist

The media are dependent on advertising money from oil companies and politicians are sitting in the lap of the fossil fuel industry.

Fernando Cabrera, Journalist

One day the companies will leave here but we will be left with all the environmental destruction.

Lorena Bravo, Indigenous leader
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Corroborated
SVT Nyheter
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