A new study from Chalmers University of Technology warns that Europe's transition to green hydrogen could lead to water scarcity in certain regions if water resources are not managed sustainably. According to research published on April 9, 2026, areas including Roslagen and Sörmland in Sweden could be at particular risk from increased hydrogen production. The study examines scenarios for Europe's hydrogen production in 2050, when many countries aim to have reduced emissions through increased use of hydrogen technology.
Green hydrogen, produced through electrolysis using renewable electricity, is considered crucial for reducing carbon emissions in heavy transport and industry. However, researchers caution that water resources are often taken for granted in the energy transition. The study highlights that sustainable water management will be essential to prevent local water shortages and conflicts with agriculture as hydrogen production scales up.